Zirconia, also known as zirconia, has a molecular formula of ZrO2 and is the main oxide of zirconium. Natural minerals containing zirconium mainly include zircon and zircon. Zirconia is usually a white, odorless and tasteless crystal, insoluble in water, hydrochloric acid, and dilute sulfuric acid. Its chemical properties are stable, and it has the characteristics of high hardness, high melting point, high electrical resistivity, high refractive index, and low thermal expansion coefficient. It has been widely used in wear-resistant ceramics, refractory materials, machinery, electronics, optics, aerospace, biology, chemistry, and other fields. Zirconia is also the main material used in our common artificial drills and dental implants.

1. High hardness: The hardness of zirconia products can usually reach a Mohs hardness of 7.5 or above, and the hardness of some products such as zirconia ceramics can exceed 9, second only to diamond. High hardness means it has strong wear resistance, so zirconia ceramic is a good wear-resistant material.

2. High melting point: Zirconia has a melting point of up to 2715 ℃ and stable chemical properties, making it an excellent refractory material.

3. Low thermal conductivity and low coefficient of expansion: The thermal conductivity of zirconia is relatively low among common materials (1.6-2.03W/(m.k)), and its coefficient of thermal expansion is close to that of metals. Therefore, zirconia ceramics are suitable as structural ceramic materials, such as zirconia ceramics for mobile phone appearance structural components.

4. Special conductivity: Zirconia is non-conductive at room temperature and has a high electrical resistivity. However, in high-temperature environments, zirconia also has a certain degree of conductivity. Using this principle, zirconia is also used in many electronic devices.